Venus:
Venus is the second planet from the sun and is our closest planetary neighborhood. It does not have any moons or rings. The planet Venus — the only planet named after a female — may have been named for the most beautiful deity of her pantheon because it shone the brightest of the five planets known to ancient astronomers.
Venus's Profile:
Radius: 6,051.8 km
Mass: 4.867 × 10^24 kg
Distance From The Sun : 108.2 million km
Physical Characteristics:
Even though Venus isn't the closest planet to the sun, it is still the hottest. It has a thick atmosphere full of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and clouds made of sulfuric acid. The gas traps heat and keeps Venus toasty warm. In fact, it's so hot on Venus, metals like lead would be puddles of melted liquid.Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction from most planets.
With a radius of 3,760 miles (6,052 kilometers), Venus is roughly the same size as Earth — just slightly smaller.From an average distance of 67 million miles (108 million kilometers), Venus is 0.7 astronomical units away from the Sun. One astronomical unit (abbreviated as AU), is the distance from the Sun to Earth. It takes sunlight 6 minutes to travel from the Sun to Venus.
Only Venus and Uranus have this "backwards" rotation. It completes one rotation in 243 Earth days — the longest day of any planet in our solar system, even longer than a whole year on Venus. But the Sun doesn't rise and set each "day" on Venus like it does on most other planets. On Venus, one day-night cycle takes 117 Earth days because Venus rotates in the direction opposite of its orbital revolution around the Sun.
Venus makes a complete orbit around the Sun (a year in Venusian time) in 225 Earth days or slightly less than two Venusian day-night cycles.
Structure and Composition:
Venus is similar to the Earth in size (6051 km radius compared to 6378 km for the Earth) and in density (5.25 compared to 5.52).This is how we deduce that the two planets have a similar internal structure, but this is not certain.Its average density (5.25 g/cm^3) indicates that Venus, like the Earth, must be made up of silicate rocks, and be a differentiated planet.
This suggests that Venus has a core of 2900 km radius that has two parts: an external core made of liquid iron and nickel and an internal core made of solid iron and nickel.The core is probably surrounded by a silicate mantle of about 3000 km thick; with hot enough external layers to provoke a partial state of fusion between the materials, down to fairly deep levels.
The thickness of the crust, as determined by tectonic deformation and viscous relaxation models, is estimated to be between 10 and 30 kilometers.
Some quick Facts about Venus:
- A day on Venus lasts longer than a year.
- Venus rotates in the opposite direction to most other planets.
- Atmospheric pressure on Venus is 92 times greater than the Earth’s.
- Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system.
- The surface temperature on Venus can reach 471 °C.
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